Hello Jrjong,
Welcome to working in Aras Innovator :) It'll do just about anything you want to do in base C#, and while I sympathize with the transition from C to C# I think you'll find the later to be a more relaxing experience. (I liked playing with pointers myself, but everyone else appreciates me not playing with pointers.) Have you found the Method editor? That's the place to start writing some simple scripts I'd imagine. If you're used to visual C#, you might want to take a look at the alternate method editor. That will get you some of the convenience of Visual Studio and maybe help you feel a little more at home.
If you're just looking for examples of what's possible, Eric Domke's cookbook has helped me in the past, especially on my first decent sized project in Aras Innovator. Feel free to look at existing Methods as well (though careful to look not touch in anything marked Core!) for examples or inspiration, or even just picking up local convention. Lastly, if I may plug Aras Labs for a moment, there are blog posts for both beginners and the advanced- off the top of my head, there's one on Server Side Best Practices you might find helpful.
If you have more specific questions, or if there's something you're stuck on, these forums are always here as well!
Skyler C.